MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES- 3

January 19, 2022January 20, 2022 Psychologist Nikita 0 Comments Counselling vs psychotherapy, Freud vs Adler, Hallucination vs illusion, Insomnia vs Sleeplessness, mental health, Panic attack vs Anxiety attack, Phobia vs Fear, psychoeducation, psychological differences, psychology, psychology differences

HALLUCINATION	ILLUSION
False perception	Merely misperception
Originates internally	Originated externally
Associated with a mental disorder	Not associated with a mental disorder
Reacts on internal stimuli	Reacts to external stimuli
Experienced personally and uniquely	Experienced universally

PHOBIA	FEAR
An illness	An emotion
Unnecessary condition	Necessary for humans
Long term illness	Temporary
Excessive fear to specific object/event	Natural response to an event/object
Perceived threats	Danger is real
Needs treatment	Goes with time

FEAR: Source of danger is obvious and specified (I’m afraid of dark/heights)
ANXIETY: Cannot specify danger (I’m anxious about parents health) PHOBIA TYPES

PANIC ATTACK	ANXIETY ATTACK
Usually occurs unexpectedly	Usually has specific triggers
Sudden and extremely disruptive	Normally builds in intensity
Usually more intense physical symptoms	Can be mild, moderate, or severe
Triggered by the body’s “flight” or “fight” response	Focused on specific stressors themselves
Usually extended over a longer period of time	Usually quick and more intense
Symptoms include muscle tension, disturbed sleep, difficulty concentrating, fatigue, restlessness, etc.	Symptoms include: shaking, chest pain, discomfort, heart palpitations, fear of dying/losing control, feeling of choking, etc.

Anxiety disorders

INSOMNIA	SLEEPLESSNESS
Difficulty falling asleep at night	Inability to sleep at times
Prolonged state	Shorter duration
Non restorative sleep	Sleeping is comparatively peaceful
Waking up during the night	Not able to fall asleep
Fatigue	Low energy
Needs medical intervention	Doesn’t need medical help
Problem arises at work or school

COUNSELLING	PSYCHOTHERAPY
Short term process	Long term process
Secondary process	Primary process
Address issues in less-depth	Address issues in a very deep manner
Support to perform day-to-day activities in a normal and efficient manner	Uncover the foundation of the problem and address it in the most efficient manner
Helps in prevention, facilitating communication, increasing awareness of one’s own rational style.	Helps in cure/care, autonomy.
Client find solutions by themselves	Dependent on psychotherapist
Focus on present problems and situations	Focus on chronic or recurrent problems
Focuses on assisting a person to change	Focuses on causing change
Deals with people having poor coping and decision making skill	Deals people with mental dysfunction
Specific situations or behaviors	Overall patterns, big picture-oriented
Action and behavior focused	Feeling and experience focused
Talk therapy	May include testing (such as personality, intelligence), talk therapy, other therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy

Freud	Adler
Freud is an Austrian neurologist.	Adler is more of a medical doctor and psychotherapist.
Causality	Teleology
Firstborn	Secondborn
Women were a mystery	Feminist
Attached to mother	More social with peers
Married to submissive	Married a feminist
Man is motivated by sex and aggression.	Man is motivated by social influences and striving for superiority.
Freud, on the fragmented view of an individual’s ego, superego, and id principles	Adler stresses more on understanding the person as a whole being
Present behavior is caused by the past.	Present behavior is shaped by the future.
People have no choice in shaping their personalities.	People are largely responsible for who they are.
Emphasizes on the unconscious.	People are aware of what they are doing and why.

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