MAJOR PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES- 1

January 13, 2022January 19, 2022 Psychologist Nikita 0 Comments epileptic seizure vs pseudoseizure, guidance vs counselling, hypochondriasis vs somatization, mental health, mental health awareness, ocd vs ocpd, psychoeducation, psychology, symptoms vs signs

OCD	OCPD
OCD(Obsessive Compulsive Disorder) is a form of anxiety disorder.	OCPD(Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder) is a form of personality disorder.
Signs and symptoms vary in severity over time.	Signs and symptoms tend to remain the same.
Can be easily identified.	Cannot be easily recognized.
The motive for unusual behaviour stems from the need to prevent an imaginary catastrophe or disaster.	The motive for unusual behaviour stems from the need to be perfect.
Accept their condition and will seek medical help.	Reluctant to seek medical help since they don’t see a problem in their behaviour.
Seek medical help to control their symptoms and tension on day to day activities.	Seek help due to everyday conflicts and arguments with family and friends.

HYPOCHONDRIASIS	SOMATISATION DISORDER
A mental illness is characterised by an excessive irrational concern for one’s health and conviction in the presence of a disease for which there is no objective evidence.	The presence of physical complaints over a period longer than 6 months cannot be explained by a particular disease.
Distributed equally between both sexes. Occurs most often in elderly people.	Occurs more common in women, in elderly people, and in individuals with low socioeconomic status.
Preoccupation with fears of having or the conviction of having one or more progressive disorders, based on a misinterpretation of symptoms.	Pain, fatigue, loss of appetite, and other gastrointestinal problems with no specific medical reason for their occurrence.
Depression, panic disorder, misunderstanding of the physical feelings and the way the body works, hereditary factors, severe health problems in the past, etc.	Chronic stress.
Cognitive therapy, helping patients to rationalize their fears, and medications, reducing anxiety.	Medications and/or psychotherapy, based on the severity and type of the symptoms and the age of the patients.

NEUROSIS	PSYCHOSIS
Personality not affected.	Personality is affected.
Insight present.	Insight affected.
Delusions absent.	Delusions present.
Hallucinations absent.	Hallucinations present.
Speech is appropriate.	Disorganised speech.
Judgement and reasoning are intact.	Judgement and reasoning are impaired.
ECT is not needed.	ECT is very useful.
Genetic factors are less important.	Genetic factors are more important.
Behaviour appropriate.	Behaviour is disorganised.
Mental health issues fall just outside normal functioning but the individual is in touch with the reality and knows they’re ill.	Mental health issues where the individual has lost the touch with reality and is not on a continuum with normal mental health

EPILEPTIC SEIZURE	PSEUDO SEIZURE
Also known as Epilepsy.	Also known as Functional Seizure, Dissociative Seizures, Psychogenic Seizures, Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures, Non-Epileptic Attack Disorder(NEAD).
Last for 2-3 minutes.	2 minutes – many hours.
No secondary gain.	Present.
Can occur anytime and anywhere.	In the presence of someone (caring).
EEG disturb.	EEG normal.
Sudden.	Gradual.
Plantar effect (sensation when touched on feet) absent.	Present.
May/may not lose consciousness.	Loses consciousness.
Pupil and eyeball dilate.	Absent.
Tongue biting and urinal incontinence are present.	Absent.
Head injury present.	Absent.
Abnormal electrical discharge in the brain.	Happens for a psychological reason.

	GUIDANCE	COUNSELLING
MEANING	Refers to an advice/relevant piece of information provided by a superior, to resolve a problem/overcome from difficulty.	Refers to professional advice given by a counsellor to an individual to help him in overcoming from personal/psychological problem.
NATURE	Preventive	Remedial and curative
APPROACH	Comprehensive and extroverted	In-depth and introverted
WHAT IT DOES?	It assists the person in choosing the best alternative.	Tends to change the perspective, to help him/her get the solution by him/herself.
DEALS WITH	Education and career-related	Personal and social psychological issues
PROVIDED BY	Any person superior/expert	The person who possesses a high level of skill and professional training
PRIVACY	Open and less private	Confidential
MODE	One to one/one to many	One to one
DECISION MAKING	By guide	By the client
BASIS OF COMPARISON	Guidance	Counselling

https://psychicmotivator.in/category/guidance-and-counselling/

SYMPTOMS	SIGNS
Vague	Visible
Covert	Overt
Subjective	Objective
Characteristic of disease	Indicator of specific disease
Experienced and reported by the patient	Doctor’s discovers signs during patient’s examination
Reported by patient	Reported through clinical settings
Cannot be measured	Can be measured
Patient experience about injury, illness or disease	Physical manifestations of injury, illness or disease
Only the patient perceives or experiences	Can be felt, heard, or seen
E.g.: Tiredness, dizziness, pain, chills, fever, nausea etc.	E.g.: Blood pressure, pulse rate, temperature etc.

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